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Lookup NU author(s): Professor Ilias Kyriazakis
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND).
There is now an increasing debate about the viability of using temperate-grown legumesin pig diets as a potential replacement for imported soya bean meal (SBM) and this is dueto food security, sustainability and environmental concerns. Two trials were designed toexamine nitrogen (N) retention, growth performance and carcass quality of grower andfinisher pigs when fed nutritionally balanced SBM-free diets formulated to contain peas orfaba beans at 300 g/kg, compared to an SBM-containing, pulse-free control diet. Trial 1 eval-uated N digestibility/retention in four iso-energetic diets, comparing the SBM control withone diet formulated with peas and two with faba bean cultivars; a tannin-containing and atannin-free variety. This trial employed a four by four Latin Square design with four malepigs housed in metabolism crates, fed twice daily at 0.9 of assumed ad libitum intake overfour time periods during grower (30–55 kg) and finisher (55–95 kg) phases. Quantitativefaecal and urine collection allowed determination of N coefficient of total tract apparentdigestibility, coefficient of apparent metabolisability, and N balance. Results revealed thatdietary treatment did not affect these N parameters (P > 0.05) during either the grower orfinisher phase. Trial 2 evaluated growth performance (feed intake, daily live weight gainand feed conversion ratio) and carcass quality parameters. Five diets (based on SBM, peasand one of three faba bean cultivars) balanced for standard ileal digestible amino acidsand net energy were each fed to eight replicates of individually housed entire male pigsover the same growth phases as Trial 1. The inclusion of three faba bean varieties allowedcomparison of animal responses between tannin/tannin-free and spring vs. winter beancultivars. At ∼95 kg, pigs were slaughtered and a comprehensive range of carcass measure-ments undertaken. Samples of shoulder backfat were also taken at slaughter to determineskatole and indole concentrations. As with N balance, feeding treatment did not affect per-formance data. Carcass parameters revealed pigs fed with the pea-based diet had a greaterdressing percentage than those animals on faba bean-based diets. Pigs fed with the SBM or pea-based diets also had greater lean meat percentages than those on faba-bean diets. Mean skatole concentrations for all pigs were below the accepted maximum threshold level of 0.2 [1]g/g. In conclusion, it is suggested that peas and faba beans can be successfully fed in balanced pig diets throughout the grower/finisher periods as alternatives to SBM.
Author(s): White GA, Smith LA, Houdijk JGM, Homer D, Kyriazakis I, Wiseman J
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Animal Feed Science and Technology
Year: 2015
Volume: 209
Pages: 202-210
Print publication date: 01/11/2015
Online publication date: 14/08/2015
Acceptance date: 12/08/2015
Date deposited: 13/10/2015
ISSN (print): 0377-8401
ISSN (electronic): 1873-2216
Publisher: Elsevier
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.08.005
DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.08.005
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