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Metabolic Insights Into Microbially Induced Calcite Formation by Bacillaceae for Application in Bio-Based Construction Materials

Lookup NU author(s): Manpreet Bagga, Dr Dana OfiteruORCiD

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Abstract

© 2025 The Author(s). Environmental Microbiology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.Microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) offers promising solutions for sustainable, low-cement infrastructure materials. While it is known how urea catabolism leads to biomineralisation, the non-ureolytic pathways of MICP are less clear. This limits the use of the latter in biotechnology, despite its clear benefit of avoiding toxic ammonia release. To address this knowledge gap, the present study explored the interdependence between carbon source utilisation and non-ureolytic MICP. We show that acetate can serve as the carbon source driving calcite formation in several environmental Bacillaceae isolates. This effect was particularly clear in a Solibacillus silvestris strain, which could precipitate almost all provided calcium when provided with a 2:1 acetate-to-calcium molar ratio, and we show that this process was independent of active cell growth. Genome sequencing and gene expression analyses revealed an apparent link between acetate catabolism and calcite precipitation in this species, suggesting MICP may be a calcium stress response. Development of a simple genetic system for S. silvestris led to the deletion of a proposed calcium binding protein, although this showed minimal effects on MICP. Taken together, this study provides insights into the physiological processes leading to non-ureolytic MICP, paving the way for targeted optimisation of biomineralisation for sustainable materials development.

Publication metadata

Author(s): Seidel M, Hamley-Bennett C, Reeksting BJ, Bagga M, Hellmann L, Hoffmann TD, Kraemer C, Ofiteru ID, Paine K, Gebhard S

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Environmental Microbiology

Year: 2025

Volume: 27

Issue: 4

Print publication date: 01/04/2025

Online publication date: 02/04/2025

Acceptance date: 11/03/2025

Date deposited: 22/04/2025

ISSN (print): 1462-2912

ISSN (electronic): 1462-2920

Publisher: John Wiley and Sons Inc

URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.70093

DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.70093

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