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Lookup NU author(s): Dr Ashley Wilkins, Dr Gerasimos Rigopoulos, Dr Eric Masoero
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).
We apply the functional renormalization group (fRG) to study relaxation in a stochastic process governed by an overdamped Langevin equation with one degree of freedom, exploiting the connection with supersymmetric quantum mechanics in imaginary time. After reviewing the functional integral formulation of the system and its underlying symmetries, including the resulting Ward-Takahashi identities for arbitrary initial conditions, we compute the effective action Γ from the fRG, approximated in terms of the leading and subleading terms in the gradient expansion: the local potential approximation and wave-function renormalization, respectively. This is achieved by coarse graining the thermal fluctuations in time resulting in, e.g., an effective potential incorporating fluctuations at all timescales. We then use the resulting effective equations of motion to describe the decay of the covariance and the relaxation of the average position and variance toward their equilibrium values at different temperatures. We use as examples a simple polynomial potential, an unequal Lennard-Jones type potential, and a more complex potential with multiple trapping wells and barriers. We find that these are all handled well, with the accuracy of the approximations improving as the relaxation's spectral representation shifts to lower eigenvalues, in line with expectations about the validity of the gradient expansion. The spectral representation's range also correlates with temperature, leading to the conclusion that the gradient expansion works better for higher temperatures than lower ones. This paper demonstrates the ability of the fRG to expedite the computation of statistical objects in otherwise long-timescale simulations, acting as a first step to more complicated systems.
Author(s): Wilkins A, Rigopoulos G, Masoero E
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Physical Review E
Year: 2022
Volume: 106
Online publication date: 03/11/2022
Acceptance date: 13/10/2022
Date deposited: 13/01/2025
ISSN (print): 2470-0045
ISSN (electronic): 2470-0053
Publisher: American Physical Society
URL: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.106.054109
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.106.054109
ePrints DOI: 10.57711/h4gy-x138
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