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Lookup NU author(s): Madison Milne-Ives, Professor Edward MeinertORCiD
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).
Copyright © 2023 Milne-Ives, Homer, Andrade and Meinert.Introduction: Lack of engagement is a common challenge for digital health interventions. To achieve their potential, it is necessary to understand how best to support users’ engagement with interventions and target health behaviors. The aim of this systematic review was to identify the behavioral theories and behavior change techniques being incorporated into mobile health apps and how they are associated with the different components of engagement. Methods: The review was structured using the PRISMA and PICOS frameworks and searched six databases in July 2022: PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, APA PsycArticles, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias 2 and the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tools. Analysis: A descriptive analysis provided an overview of study and app characteristics and evidence for potential associations between Behavior Change Techniques (BCTs) and engagement was examined. Results: The final analysis included 28 studies. Six BCTs were repeatedly associated with user engagement: goal setting, self-monitoring of behavior, feedback on behavior, prompts/cues, rewards, and social support. There was insufficient data reported to examine associations with specific components of engagement, but the analysis indicated that the different components were being captured by various measures. Conclusion: This review provides further evidence supporting the use of common BCTs in mobile health apps. To enable developers to leverage BCTs and other app features to optimize engagement in specific contexts and individual characteristics, we need a better understanding of how BCTs are associated with different components of engagement. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022312596.
Author(s): Milne-Ives M, Homer SR, Andrade J, Meinert E
Publication type: Review
Publication status: Published
Journal: Frontiers in Psychology
Year: 2023
Volume: 14
Online publication date: 18/09/2023
Acceptance date: 04/09/2023
ISSN (electronic): 1664-1078
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
URL: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1227443
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1227443
Data Access Statement: The original contributions presented in this study are included in the article/Supplementary material, further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.
