Toggle Main Menu Toggle Search

Open Access padlockePrints

Exploring the effects of topoisomerase II inhibitor XK469 on anthracycline cardiotoxicity and DNA damage

Lookup NU author(s): Mushtaq Khazeem, Professor Caroline AustinORCiD

Downloads


Licence

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).


Abstract

Anthracyclines, such as doxorubicin (adriamycin), daunorubicin, or epirubicin, rank among the most effective agents in classical anticancer chemotherapy. However, cardiotoxicity remains the main limitation of their clinical use. Topoisomerase IIβ has recently been identified as a plausible target of anthracyclines in cardiomyocytes. We examined the putative topoisomerase IIβ selective agent XK469 as a potential cardioprotective and designed several new analogues. In our experiments, XK469 inhibited both topoisomerase isoforms (α and β) and did not induce topoisomerase II covalent complexes in isolated cardiomyocytes and HL-60, but induced proteasomal degradation of topoisomerase II in these cell types. The cardioprotective potential of XK469 was studied on rat neonatal cardiomyocytes, where dexrazoxane (ICRF-187), the only clinically approved cardioprotective, was effective. Initially, XK469 prevented daunorubicin-induced toxicity and p53 phosphorylation in cardiomyocytes. However, it only partially prevented the phosphorylation of H2AX and did not affect DNA damage measured by Comet Assay. It also did not compromise the daunorubicin antiproliferative effect in HL-60 leukemic cells. When administered to rabbits to evaluate its cardioprotective potential in vivo, XK469 failed to prevent the daunorubicin induced cardiac toxicity in either acute or chronic settings. In the following in vitro analysis, we found that prolonged and continuous exposure of rat neonatal cardiomyocytes to XK469 led to significant toxicity. In conclusion, this study provides important evidence on the effects of XK469 and its combination with daunorubicin in clinically relevant doses in cardiomyocytes. Despite its promising characteristics, long-term treatments and in vivo experiments have not confirmed its cardioprotective potential.


Publication metadata

Author(s): Keresteš V, Kubeš J, Applová L, Kollárová P, Lenčová-Popelová O, Melnikova I, Karabanovich G, Khazeem MM, Bavlovič Piskáčková H, Štěrbová-Kovaříková P, Austin CA, Roh J, Štěrba M, Šimůnek T, Jirkovská A

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Toxicological Sciences

Year: 2024

Volume: 198

Issue: 2

Pages: 288–302

Print publication date: 01/04/2024

Online publication date: 30/01/2024

Acceptance date: 13/01/2024

Date deposited: 24/01/2024

ISSN (print): 1096-6080

ISSN (electronic): 1096-0929

Publisher: Oxford University Press

URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfae008

DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfae008

ePrints DOI: 10.57711/rz9p-9980

Data Access Statement: The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.


Altmetrics

Altmetrics provided by Altmetric


Funding

Funder referenceFunder name
Charles University project GAUK 1674119
Czech Science Foundation (project 21-16195S)
Charles University project SVV 260664
InoMed reg. No. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/18_069/0010046

Share