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Tests revealing age-related changes in the functional performance of physically active older adults

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Javad SarvestanORCiD

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Abstract

Problem Statement:Limited physical functional performance as a consequence of aging is considered as a possible contributor to falls in older adults, even in physically active ones. Purpose: This study determines which clinical and laboratory tests simulating activities of daily living could distinguish age-related differences in functional performance of physically active older adults.Material and Methods:In this study, 30 participants aged 60-69 years (23 females and 7 males; age 65.5 ± 1.9 years; height 168.0 ± 10.4 cm; weight 74.7 ± 13.0 kg) and 20 participants aged 70-79 years (14 females and 6 males; age 74.9 ± 5.0 years; height 166.7 ± 10.5 cm; weight 70.2 ± 12.7 kg) underwent battery of clinical and laboratory tests. Time to completethe five-repetition sit-to-stand test (5RSTS), maximal reaching distance in the frontal and sagittal plane and centre of pressure (CoP) sway in the anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) directions during bipedal stancewere evaluated. In addition, CoP sway and its AP and ML components during stair descent (CoP AP and CoP ML) and in the first 5 s of re-stabilization (CoP AP-5 and CoP ML-5) were evaluated.Results: Older adults over 70 years of ageachieved significantly longer time in the 5RSTS test (12.3%, P = .035, d =.632) and had significantly higher values of CoP sway in the first 5 s of re-stabilization (CoP AP-5 19.4%, P = .003, d = .889; CoP ML-5 15.7%, P = .044, d = .593) compared to those aged 60-69 years. Conclusions: Differences in balance control attributable to ageing were more readily seen under more challenging conditions.Only the 5RSTS test and stair descent from one step onto a compliant surface test were able to reflect differences in functional performance between two groups of physically active older adults.

Publication metadata

Author(s): Kovacikova Z, Janura M, Sarvestan J, Zemkova E, Pecho J

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Journal of Physical Education and Sport

Year: 2020

Volume: 20

Issue: 3

Pages: 1522-1528

Print publication date: 01/05/2020

Online publication date: 30/05/2020

Acceptance date: 12/05/2020

ISSN (print): 2247-8051

ISSN (electronic): 2247-806X

Publisher: Editura Universitatea din Pitesti

URL: https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2020.03209

DOI: 10.7752/jpes.2020.03209

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