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Strength Training to Prevent Falls in Older Adults: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Javad SarvestanORCiD

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).


Abstract

We performed a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the effects of strength training (ST), as compared to alternative multimodal or unimodal exercise programs, on the number of falls in older adults (≥60 years). Ten databases were consulted (CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, EMBASE, PEDro, PubMed, Scielo, Scopus, SPORTDiscus and Web of Science), without limitations on language or publication date. Eligibility criteria were as follows: RCTs with humans ≥60 years of age of any gender with one group performing supervised ST and a group performing another type of exercise training, reporting data pertaining falls. Certainty of evidence was assessed with Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Meta-analysis used a random effects model to calculate the risk ratio (RR) for number of falls. Five RCTs with six trials were included (n = 543, 76% women). There was no difference between ST and alternative exercise interventions for falls (RR = 1.00, 95% CI 0.77–1.30, p = 0.99). The certainty of evidence was very low. No dose–response relationship could be established. In sum, ST showed comparable RR based on number of falls in older adults when compared to other multimodal or unimodal exercise modalities, but evidence is scarce and heterogeneous, and additional research is required for more robust conclusions.


Publication metadata

Author(s): Gustavo Claudino J, Afonso J, Sarvestan J, Bahia Lanza M, Pennone J, Cardoso Filho C, Cerca Serrão J, Espregueira-Mendes J, Vilefort Vasconcelos A, de Andrade M, Rocha-Rodrigues S, Andrade R, Ramirez-Campillo R

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Journal of Clinical Medicine

Year: 2021

Volume: 10

Issue: 14

Online publication date: 20/07/2021

Acceptance date: 13/07/2021

Date deposited: 17/10/2022

ISSN (electronic): 2077-0383

Publisher: MDPI

URL: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10143184

DOI: 10.3390/jcm10143184


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