Toggle Main Menu Toggle Search

Open Access padlockePrints

Complexity of immune responses in COVID-19

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Michael Mather, Dr Laura JardineORCiD, Dr Ben Talks, Dr Louis Gardner, Professor Muzlifah Haniffa

Downloads

Full text for this publication is not currently held within this repository. Alternative links are provided below where available.


Abstract

© 2021The global COVID-19 pandemic has caused substantial morbidity and mortality to humanity. Remarkable progress has been made in understanding both the innate and adaptive mechanisms involved in the host response to the causative SARS-CoV-2 virus, but much remains to be discovered. Robust upper airway defenses are critical in restricting SARS-CoV-2 replication and propagation. Further, the nasal abundance of viral uptake receptor, ACE2, and the host epithelial transcriptional landscape, are associated with differential disease outcomes across different patient cohorts. The adaptive host response to systemic COVID-19 is heterogeneous and complex. Blunted responses to interferon and robust cytokine generation are hallmarks of the disease, particularly at the advanced stages. Excessive immune cell influx into tissues can lead to substantial collateral damage to the host akin to sepsis. This review offers a contemporary summary of these mechanisms of disease and highlights potential avenues for diagnostic and therapeutic development. These include improved disease stratification, targeting effectors of immune-mediated tissue damage, and blunting of immune cell-mediated tissue damage.


Publication metadata

Author(s): Mather MW, Jardine L, Talks B, Gardner L, Haniffa M

Publication type: Review

Publication status: Published

Journal: Seminars in Immunology

Year: 2021

Volume: 55

Print publication date: 01/06/2021

Online publication date: 27/11/2021

Acceptance date: 24/11/2021

ISSN (print): 1044-5323

ISSN (electronic): 1096-3618

Publisher: Academic Press

URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smim.2021.101545

DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2021.101545


Share