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International retrospective study of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for activated PI3K-delta syndrome

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Zohreh Nademi, Dr Alexandra Laberko, Dr Eleonora Gambineri, Professor Andrew GenneryORCiD, Professor Mary Slatter

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND).


Abstract

© 2021Background: Activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta syndrome (APDS) is a combined immunodeficiency with a heterogeneous phenotype considered reversible by allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Objectives: This study sought to characterize HCT outcomes in APDS. Methods: Retrospective data were collected on 57 patients with APDS1/2 (median age, 13 years; range, 2-66 years) who underwent HCT. Results: Pre-HCT comorbidities such as lung, gastrointestinal, and liver pathology were common, with hematologic malignancy in 26%. With median follow-up of 2.3 years, 2-year overall and graft failure–free survival probabilities were 86% and 68%, respectively, and did not differ significantly by APDS1 versus APDS2, donor type, or conditioning intensity. The 2-year cumulative incidence of graft failure following first HCT was 17% overall but 42% if mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor(s) (mTORi) were used in the first year post-HCT, compared with 9% without mTORi. Similarly, 2-year cumulative incidence of unplanned donor cell infusion was overall 28%, but 65% in the context of mTORi receipt and 23% without. Phenotype reversal occurred in 96% of evaluable patients, of whom 17% had mixed chimerism. Vulnerability to renal complications continued post-HCT, adding new insights into potential nonimmunologic roles of phosphoinositide 3-kinase not correctable through HCT. Conclusions: Graft failure, graft instability, and poor graft function requiring unplanned donor cell infusion were major barriers to successful HCT. Post-HCT mTORi use may confer an advantage to residual host cells, promoting graft instability. Longer-term post-HCT follow-up of more patients is needed to elucidate the kinetics of immune reconstitution and donor chimerism, establish approaches that reduce graft instability, and assess the completeness of phenotype reversal over time.


Publication metadata

Author(s): Dimitrova D, Nademi Z, Maccari ME, Ehl S, Uzel G, Tomoda T, Okano T, Imai K, Carpenter B, Ip W, Rao K, Worth AJJ, Laberko A, Mukhina A, Neven B, Moshous D, Speckmann C, Warnatz K, Wehr C, Abolhassani H, Aghamohammadi A, Bleesing JJ, Dara J, Dvorak CC, Ghosh S, Kang HJ, Markelj G, Modi A, Bayer DK, Notarangelo LD, Schulz A, Garcia-Prat M, Soler-Palacin P, Karakukcu M, Yilmaz E, Gambineri E, Menconi M, Masmas TN, Holm M, Bonfim C, Prando C, Hughes S, Jolles S, Morris EC, Kapoor N, Koltan S, Paneesha S, Steward C, Wynn R, Duffner U, Gennery AR, Lankester AC, Slatter M, Kanakry JA

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

Year: 2022

Volume: 149

Issue: 1

Pages: P410-421.E7

Print publication date: 01/01/2022

Online publication date: 22/05/2021

Acceptance date: 30/04/2021

Date deposited: 28/06/2021

ISSN (print): 0091-6749

ISSN (electronic): 1097-6825

Publisher: Mosby Inc.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2021.04.036

DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.04.036

PubMed id: 34033842


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