PARP

Patterson, MJ; Drew, Y; Curtin, NJ

doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0717-2_53

PARP

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Miranda Patterson ORCiD, Dr Yvette Drew ORCiD, Professor Nicola Curtin ORCiD

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Abstract

© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2017. All rights reserved. PARP enzymes synthese poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) using nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) as a substrate. PARP-1 is the most extensively studied of a family of PARP enzymes. It is a highly abundant nuclear protein that is activated by DNA breaks and facilitates their repair. PARP inhibitors (PARPis), originally designed to enhance the activity of DNA damaging chemo- and radiotherapy can exploit defects in homologous recombination DNA repair (HRR) by a process termed synthetic lethality. This potential for tumour-selective non-toxic therapy with PARPi has proved the impetus to progress the development of these compounds further.