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Lookup NU author(s): Professor Christopher StewartORCiD
This is the authors' accepted manuscript of an article that has been published in its final definitive form by Oxford University Press, 2018.
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BackgroundBronchiolitis, the leading cause of US infant hospitalizations, is most commonly caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) followed by rhinovirus (RV). Conventional perception is that bronchiolitis is a single entity, albeit with different viral etiologies and degrees of severity.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study of nasopharyngeal aspirates from 106 infants hospitalized with either RSV-only (n=80) or RV-only (n=26) bronchiolitis. We performed metabolomics analysis and 16S rRNA gene sequencing on all samples, and metagenomic sequencing on 58 of the 106 samples.ResultsInfants with RSV-only and RV-only infections had significantly different nasopharyngeal metabolome profiles (P<0.001) and bacterial metagenome profiles (P<0.05). RSV-only was associated with metabolites from a range of pathways and a microbiome dominated by Streptococcus pneumoniae. By contrast, RV-only was associated with increased essential and non-essential N-acetyl amino acids and high relative abundance of Haemophilus influenzae. These co-occurring species were associated with driving the bacterially-derived metabolic pathways. Multi-omic analysis showed that both the virus and the microbiome were significantly associated with the metabolic function in infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis.ConclusionAlthough study replication is necessary, these results highlight that bronchiolitis is not a uniform disease between RSV and RV infections, a result with future implications for prevention and treatment.
Author(s): Stewart CJ, Hasegawa K, Wong MC, Ajami NJ, Petrosino JF, Piedra PA, Espinola JA, Tierney CN, Camargo CA, Mansbach JM
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Journal of Infectious Diseases
Year: 2018
Volume: 217
Issue: 7
Pages: 1160–1169
Print publication date: 01/04/2018
Online publication date: 25/12/2017
Acceptance date: 15/12/2017
Date deposited: 05/01/2018
ISSN (print): 0022-1899
ISSN (electronic): 1537-6613
Publisher: Oxford University Press
URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jix680
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jix680
PubMed id: 29293990
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