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Lookup NU author(s): Dr Rob ForsythORCiD
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© 2016 American Heart Association, Inc. Background and Purpose - Arteriopathy is the leading cause of childhood arterial ischemic stroke. Mechanisms are poorly understood but may include inherent abnormalities of arterial structure. Extracranial dissection is associated with connective tissue disorders in adult stroke. Focal cerebral arteriopathy is a common syndrome where pathophysiology is unknown but may include intracranial dissection or transient cerebral arteriopathy. We aimed to quantify cerebral arterial tortuosity in childhood arterial ischemic stroke, hypothesizing increased tortuosity in dissection. Methods - Children (1 month to 18 years) with arterial ischemic stroke were recruited within the Vascular Effects of Infection in Pediatric Stroke (VIPS) study with controls from the Calgary Pediatric Stroke Program. Objective, multi-investigator review defined diagnostic categories. A validated imaging software method calculated the mean arterial tortuosity of the major cerebral arteries using 3-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiographic source images. Tortuosity of unaffected vessels was compared between children with dissection, transient cerebral arteriopathy, meningitis, moyamoya, cardioembolic strokes, and controls (ANOVA and post hoc Tukey). Trauma-related versus spontaneous dissection was compared (Student t test). Results - One hundred fifteen children were studied (median, 6.8 years; 43% women). Age and sex were similar across groups. Tortuosity means and variances were consistent with validation studies. Tortuosity in controls (1.346±0.074; n=15) was comparable with moyamoya (1.324±0.038; n=15; P=0.998), meningitis (1.348±0.052; n=11; P=0.989), and cardioembolic (1.379±0.056; n=27; P=0.190) cases. Tortuosity was higher in both extracranial dissection (1.404±0.084; n=22; P=0.021) and transient cerebral arteriopathy (1.390±0.040; n=27; P=0.001) children. Tortuosity was not different between traumatic versus spontaneous dissections (P=0.70). Conclusions - In children with dissection and transient cerebral arteriopathy, cerebral arteries demonstrate increased tortuosity. Quantified arterial tortuosity may represent a clinically relevant imaging biomarker of vascular biology in pediatric stroke.
Author(s): Wei F, Diedrich KT, Fullerton HJ, DeVeber G, Wintermark M, Hodge J, Kirton A, Dowling MM, Benedict SL, Bernard TJ, Fox CK, Friedman NR, Lo WD, Ichord RN, Tan MA, Mackay MT, Hernandez Chavez MI, Humphreys P, Jordan LC, Sultan SM, Rivkin MJ, Rafay MF, Titomanlio L, Kovacevic GS, Yager JY, Amlie-Lefond C, Dlamini N, Condie J, Yeh EA, Kneen R, Bjornson BH, Pergami P, Zou LP, Elbers J, Abdalla A, Chan AK, Farooq O, Lim MJ, Carpenter JL, Pavlakis S, Wong VCN, Forsyth R
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Stroke
Year: 2016
Volume: 47
Issue: 5
Pages: 1265-1270
Print publication date: 01/05/2016
Online publication date: 22/03/2016
Acceptance date: 01/01/1900
ISSN (print): 0039-2499
ISSN (electronic): 1524-4628
Publisher: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
URL: https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.115.011331
DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.115.011331
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