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Determining Electron Transfer Kinetics at Porous Electrodes

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Jochen Friedl, Professor Ulrich Stimming

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Abstract

Porous carbon materials are of tremendous importance for electrochemical energy storage. Their low cost, wide potential window and high surface area make them ideal electrodes for many applications. The activity of the electrode towards a certain reaction is given by both the available wetted surface area and the electron transfer constant k₀. The present study investigates which electrochemical methods are suitable to determine k₀ on porous carbon electrodes. For this purpose, we investigate the ferric/ferrous redox couple on a porous carbon nanotube electrode as model system. We show that results from cyclic voltammetry (CV) can yield an apparent catalytic effect and elucidate its origin. Chronoamperometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy are shown to produce consistent values for the exchange current density I₀, which can then be normalized to k₀. Limitations of both methods in terms of k₀ and diffusion constants are discussed.The gathered insights in terms of validity of methods on porous electrodes are harnessed to review the recent literature on the vanadium redox reactions. Reported k₀ values spread over four orders of magnitude and there is no consensus on the influence of heat- or acid-treatment on the kinetics. Taking into account the difficulties of CVs on porous electrodes we conclude that reasonable values for the vanadium reactions are k₀<1.210⁻⁴cms−1 and that oxidation of the samples increases surface area, catalyzes the V²⁺/V³⁺ redox reaction but impedes the VO²⁺/VO₂⁺ redox reaction.

Publication metadata

Author(s): Friedl J, Stimming U

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Electrochimica Acta

Year: 2017

Volume: 227

Pages: 235-245

Print publication date: 10/02/2017

Online publication date: 05/01/2017

Acceptance date: 02/01/2017

Date deposited: 10/01/2017

ISSN (print): 0013-4686

ISSN (electronic): 1873-3859

Publisher: Elsevier

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2017.01.010

DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.01.010

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