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Macroscopic spray characteristics of next-generation bio-derived diesel fuels in comparison to mineral diesel

Lookup NU author(s): Thomas Bohl, Dr Guohong Tian, Dr Andrew SmallboneORCiD, Professor Tony Roskilly

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).


Abstract

In this paper, the macroscopic spray characteristics of four next-generation biofuels, namely, hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO), Palm oil methyl ester (PME), Soybean oil methyl ester (SME) and used cooking oil methyl ester (UCOME) were investigated in detail using a constant volume spray vessel, and benchmarked against reference mineral diesel (B0). During experiments, fuels were heated to 80 °C to achieve an engine-like environment before being injected at various compression ignition engine relevant operating conditions. The fuel spray tip penetration, spray cone angle and spray area were investigated analysing images obtained using a direct photography technique. Furthermore, a modified spray model was proposed to extend its scope to include alternative fuels by considering fuel density as part of the spray model. The results show that HVO with the lowest density of all fuels achieves the shortest penetration distance and the highest cone angle, resulting in a more distributed fuel-air mixture. All fuels have very similar spray areas for the same injection conditions, but the specific spray area per injected mass is highest for HVO followed by the three methyl esters. It was concluded that the fuel liquid viscosity was a significant factor on the observed air-fuel mixing process. The spray characteristics were compared with our engine test results and can be used to explain observed engine behaviour when fuelled with biofuels.


Publication metadata

Author(s): Bohl T, Tian G, Smallbone A, Roskilly AP

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Applied Energy

Year: 2017

Volume: 186

Issue: Part 3

Pages: 562–573

Print publication date: 15/01/2017

Online publication date: 01/11/2016

Acceptance date: 24/10/2016

Date deposited: 26/10/2016

ISSN (print): 0306-2619

ISSN (electronic): 1872-9118

Publisher: Pergamon Press

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.10.082

DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.10.082

Data Access Statement: http://dx.doi.org/10.17634/154300-32


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Funding

Funder referenceFunder name
EP/J500288/1

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