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Lookup NU author(s): Dr Mustafa Al-Musawi, Professor Justin DurhamORCiD, Professor John Whitworth, Dr Simon StoneORCiD, Professor Ruth Valentine
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Objectives: Systemic neuromodulatory medication (NM) such as Amitriptyline, Gabapentin and Carbamazepine are used in the management of neuropathic orofacial pain. Topical administration of NM has also been reported, but the effect of exposure of oral mucosa and skin to topical NMs has not been examined. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of NM on cell lines relevant to the orofacial tissue in vitro Methods: Cell viability was measured at different time-points, in human skin keratinocyte (HaCat) and oral keratinocyte (OKF6-TERT1) exposed to different concentrations of pure Amitriptyline, Gabapentin and Carbamazepine using alamarBlue. Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), drugs concentrations released from NM orabase-pastes (after 30minutes incubation) were calculated. Using these clinical concentrations, morphological changes and cytokine expression were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and human inflammatory antibody array respectively Results: At low concentrations, Amitriptyline was more cytotoxic in HaCat cells compared with control. An increase in IL-8 was observed in HaCat cells exposed to NMs for 30minutes compared with untreated cells. The greatest increase in IL-8 expression occurred with 5.54mM Gabapentin, which was also associated with increased Exotoxin-1, Exotoxin-2 and IL-3 expression. OKF6-TERT1 cells were resistant to all medications, with viability only decreasing at high concentrations (1.4 mM) of Amitriptyline over long time periods. IL-8 expression was decreased in OKF6-TERT1 cells with Gabapentin and Amitriptyline treatment, although an up-regulatory response was observed with Carbamazepine in these cells. Conclusions: At lower concentrations, Amitriptyline is more cytotoxic to HaCat cells compared with OKF6-TERT1 cells. Higher concentrations of Amitriptyline are cytotoxic for both cell types. Gabapentin and Carbamazepine were less cytotoxic with effects only observed at high concentrations and longer (>240mins) exposure times. Changes in cytokine expression were observed with all NMs. Results suggest further research is necessary to determine the long term in vivo effects of topical NMs.
Author(s): Al-Musawi MJ, Durham J, Whitworth JM, Stone SJ, Valentine RA
Publication type: Conference Proceedings (inc. Abstract)
Publication status: Published
Conference Name: IADR/AADR/CADR 93rd General Session and Exhibition 2015
Year of Conference: 2015
