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Increasing mixed chimerism defines a high-risk group of childhood acute myelogenous leukemia patients after allogeneic stem cell transplantation where pre-emptive immunotherapy may be effective

Lookup NU author(s): Professor Hermann Josef Vormoor

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Abstract

Children with leukemias and increasing mixed chimerism (increasing MC) after allogeneic stem cell transplantation have the highest risk to relapse. Early immunological intervention was found to be effective in these cases. To substantiate this on a defined group of pediatric acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) patients, we performed serial analysis of post transplant chimerism and pre-emptive immunotherapy in patients with increasing MC. In total, 81 children were monitored, 62 patients revealed complete chimerism (CC), low-level MC or decreasing MC. Increasing MC was detected in 19 cases. Despite early immunological intervention relapse was still significantly more frequent in patients with increasing MC (9/19) than in patients with CC, low-level or decreasing MC (8/62, P<0.005). The probability of 3-year event-free survival (EFS) was 52% for all patients (n=81), 59% for patients with CC, low-level MC, 60% for patients with decreasing MC (n=62), and 28% for patients with increasing MC (n=19, P<0.005). Patients with increasing MC who received early immunological intervention showed a significantly enhanced probability for event-free survival (pEFS 36%, n=15) compared to patients with increasing MC without intervention (pEFS 0%, n=4, P<0.05). These results prove that pediatric AML patients with increasing MC are at highest risk for relapse and that early immunological intervention can prevent relapse in these patients.


Publication metadata

Author(s): Bader P, Kreyenberg H, Hoelle W, Dueckers G, Kremens B, Dilloo D, Sykora KW, Niemeyer C, Reinhardt D, Vormoor J, Gruhn B, Lang P, Greil J, Handgretinger R, Niethammer D, Klingebiel T, Beck JF

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Bone Marrow Transplantation

Year: 2004

Volume: 33

Issue: 8

Pages: 815-821

ISSN (print): 0268-3369

ISSN (electronic): 1476-5365

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bmt.1704444

DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1704444

Notes: 0268-3369 (Print) Clinical Trial Journal Article Multicenter Study


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