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Lookup NU author(s): Dr Namarta Sinha, Dr Michael FirbankORCiD, Professor John O'Brien
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Background: Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) shares common clinical, neuropsychological and pathological features with other dementia subtypes, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), making it difficult to differentiate in clinical practice. Despite the development of consensus diagnostic criteria, many cases are missed, and biomarkers to assist with diagnosis would represent important advances. Our aim was to review the literature to identify potential biomarkers that may distinguish DLB from other dementia subtypes, especially AD. Method: The literature search was performed using Medline up to October 2010 for imaging studies [single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), positron emission tomography (PET), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and amyloid imaging] and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers in DLB. Individual articles were examined for additional references. The abstracts of the identified articles were read to determine the most relevant papers, which became the basis for this review. Results: The most robust evidence available was for striatal dopamine transporter activity visualised by 123 I-labelled N-(3-fluoropropyl)-2 beta-carbomethoxy-3 beta-(4-iodophenyl) nortropane (I-123-FP-CIT) SPECT. Several other imaging techniques have also reported promising results, such as [F-18] fluorodopa PET, which assesses nigrostriatal integrity; [F-18] fluorodeoxyglucose PET, which assesses metabolic deficits; and meta-iodobenzylguanidine imaging, which assesses sympathetic cardiac denervation. Data from studies using CSF measures of amyloid and tau, occipital hypoperfusion on SPECT and preservation of medial temporal lobe structures on MRI suggest that they may offer less diagnostic discrimination. Conclusion: Several potential biomarkers have shown good diagnostic accuracy for DLB, but apart from FP-CIT SPECT, there is now a need for larger clinical multi-site studies, as well as for studies with pathological verification of diagnosis, before their use could be recommended for routine clinical practice. Copyright (C) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Author(s): Sinha N, Firbank M, O'Brien JT
Publication type: Review
Publication status: Published
Journal: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
Year: 2012
Volume: 27
Issue: 5
Pages: 443-453
Print publication date: 01/07/2012
ISSN (print): 0885-6230
ISSN (electronic): 1099-1166
Publisher: WILEY-BLACKWELL
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gps.2749
DOI: 10.1002/gps.2749
