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Lookup NU author(s): Emeritus Professor Alan Craft, Professor Archibald Malcolm
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Background A previous trial by the European Osteosarcoma Intergroup (EOI) suggested that a short intensive chemotherapy regimen with doxorubicin and cisplatin might produce survival of operable, non-metastatic osteosarcoma similar to that obtained with complex and longer-duration drug regimens based on the widely used T10 multi-drug protocol. We undertook a randomised multicentre trial to compare these two approaches. Methods 407 patients with operable, non-metastatic osteosarcoma were randomly assigned the two-drug regimen (six cycles [18 weeks] of doxorubicin 25 mg/m(2) on days 1-3 and cisplatin 100 mg/m(2) on day 1) or a multi-drug regimen (preoperatively vincristine, high-dose methotrexate, and doxorubicin; postoperatively bleomycin, cyclophosphamide, dactinomycin, vincristine, methotrexate, doxorubicin, and cisplatin; this protocol took 44 weeks). Surgery was scheduled for week 9 for the two-drug group and week 7 for the multi-drug group. Analyses of survival and progression-free survival were by intention to treat. Findings Of 407 randomised patients, 391 were eligible and have been followed up for at least 4 years (median 5.6 years). Toxic effects were qualitatively similar with the two regimens. However, 188 (94%) of 199 patients completed the six cycles of two-drug treatment, whereas only 97 (51%) of 192 completed 18 or more of the 20 cycles of the multi-drug regimen. The proportion showing a good histopathological response (>90% tumour necrosis) to preoperative chemotherapy was about 29% with both regimens and was strongly predictive of survival. Overall survival was 65% at 3 years and 55% at 5 years in both groups (hazard ratio 0.94 [95% CI 0.69-1.27]). Progression-free survival at 5 years was 44% in both groups (hazard ratio 1.01[0.77-1.33]). Interpretation We found no difference in survival between the two-drug and multi-drug regimens in operable, non-metastatic osteosarcoma. The two-drug regimen is shorter in duration and better tolerated, and is therefore the preferred treatment. However, 5-year survival is still unsatisfactory and new approaches to treatment, such as dose intensification, are needed to improve results.
Author(s): Souhami, R. L., Craft, A. W., VanderEijken, J. W., Nooij, M., Spooner, D., Bramwell, V. H. C., Wierzbicki, R., Malcolm, A. J., Kirkpatrick, A., Uscinska, B. M., VanGlabbeke, M., Machin, D.
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: The Lancet
Year: 1997
Volume: 350
Issue: 9082
Pages: 911-917
Print publication date: 27/09/1997
ISSN (print): 0140-6736
ISSN (electronic): 1474-547X
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(97)02307-6
DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(97)02307-6
PubMed id: 9314869
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